Peptides(40)

AOD9604 is a derivative of human growth hormone (hGH) and a modified version of the hGH fragment 176-191 peptide, incorporating a di-sulfide bridge. What’s exciting about this peptide is that it does not affect IGF-1 or insulin levels and is, therefore, not a risk in promoting glucose intolerance.

Buy Cagrilintide Online Cagrilintide is a long-acting amylin analogue, currently at the forefront of peptide research due to its rather interesting potential beneficial effect in individuals with diabetes. But what’s so special about amylin? Well, amylin is another peptide hormone, co-secreted with insulin, which inhibits food intake, delays gastric emptying, and, most importantly, reduces blood glucose levels.   Back to cagrilintide… it was originally developed to improve on the initial amylin analogue called pramlintide. The problem with pramlintide is its short half-life and undesired side effects.   Cagrilintide was (and still is being) developed to alter the half-life, potency and stability of pramlintide, and other amylin analogues.Since, it’s still a relatively new peptide, it still needs to undergo further research so we can make sure its as effective and safe.

Cerebrolysin is actually a mixture containing low-molecular weight peptides and amino acids derived from porcine brains. This combination proved especially effective in research studies involving ischemic stroke and nerve damage, while still preserving a safety profile as it readily crosses the blood-brain barrier in sufficient concentrations. This peptide mix also reduces the number of procoagulant, prothrombotic and proinflammatory mediators. It contains:

• BDNF – brain-derived neurotrophic factor
• GDNF – glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor
• CNTF – ciliary neurotrophic factor and
• NGF – nerve growth factor

These factors showed potential in treating neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia, neurotropic activity and acute stroke settings. As already mentioned, these effects have been recorded in in vitro and animal studies; we have yet to see definitive human studies. Cerebrolysin Effectiveness Cerebrolysin studies showed positive outcomes in patients following an ischemic stroke in both acute stage and recovery phase. This is why some of the recent studies focused on rehabilitation and complete motor recovery. Another study set out to determine the effects of Cerebrolysin therapy in minimizing the neurological and behavioral impairment following an ischemic stroke. The study was conducted as a 10-day treatment and showed the effectiveness of this peptide mix, especially in mild cases. Dementia We had some studies in human patients suffering from dementia, where Cerebrolysin therapy was administered over the course of 12 weeks. The results showed improvements in the most severe symptoms of dementia, which persisted for over three months (once the study was finished). Sadly, this study was done way back in 2012 and we have yet to see more recent ones, to identify the full extent of Cerebrolysin therapy and safety in administering it in humans.   Animal studies, in mice, showed that the hallmark of dementia is the loss of dendritic connections. Since these connections are lost, the neurons lose the ability to communicate with one another and eventually die. What these studies have shown is that Cerebrolysin therapy improves these connections and slows down the degeneration of neurons. Parkinson’s Disease We already mentioned Cerebrolysin’s role in preserving GDNF, but what is its significance? The primary role of GDNF is the protection of dopamine producing neurons. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the loss of these neurons. Clinical studies in animal patients showed that Cerebrolysin protects these dopamine producing neurons, slowing down the onset of Parkinson’s, as well as lowering certain hormones which make the disease worse. Non-Specific Brain Injuries This was a specific study conducted on infants with problems in brain communication delay caused by various brain injuries. The administration of Cerebrolysin showed dramatic improvements in these neural communications; granted, this therapy was combined with speech and other forms of therapy. This study showed us the effectiveness of Cerebrolysin in, not only acute brain conditions (such as a stroke), but in encouraging new neuron development, its growth and connection potential. There was also a study in adults, which showed the potential of this peptide in improving cognitive functions, motor control, and long-term memory, following a non-specific brain injury.

Epithalon (also known as Epitalon) is a synthetic derivative of Epithalamin and holds the potential to modulate telomerase, the enzyme responsible for safeguarding and preserving the telomere caps situated at the ends of DNA chromosomes. This effect directly protects the DNA and prevents errors.   Scientists also showed it regulates the function of pineal gland and the retina as it induces cell differentiation and has a profound effect on gene expression and protein synthesis in animals. References: Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA. Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003 Jun;135(6):590-2. doi: 10.1023/a:1025493705728. PMID: 12937682.